Pioneers in Veterinary Orthopedic & Sports Medicine
Pioneers in Minimally Invasive Care & Modern Orthopedic Medicine
For decades, our specialists have advanced the standards, techniques, and technologies shaping modern veterinary orthopedics, arthroscopy, sports medicine, and orthobiologic therapies.

Clinical Research
For decades, our specialists have conducted sponsored research with academic, clinical, nonprofit, and industry partners in areas including:
- Cartilage repair, osteoarthritis & joint preservation: Biological joint resurfacing, tissue engineering, joint biology, biomarker research, and therapies designed to preserve joint function.
- Regenerative treatments for joints, tendons & ligaments: Platelet-rich plasma, bone marrow aspirate concentrate, cellular therapies, bioscaffolds, injectable joint materials, and other biologic approaches.
- Sports medicine & soft-tissue injury: Shoulder, tendon, ligament, muscle, carpal, and other performance-limiting conditions in companion, athletic, and working dogs.
- Orthopedic surgery, implants & TPLO: Biomechanics, fracture fixation, reconstruction, bone healing, surgical planning, implant performance, and clinical outcomes.
- Musculoskeletal imaging & diagnosis: Ultrasound, MRI, arthroscopy, needle-scope evaluation, diagnostic comparison, and lameness localization.
- Rehabilitation, recovery & return to activity: Muscle physiology, gait and loading assessment, pain and mobility, post-surgical recovery, conditioning, and return to daily activity, sport, and work.
Technology Development
Our specialists have helped design, co-develop, validate, and clinically evaluate technologies used in veterinary orthopedics, arthroscopy, sports medicine, orthobiologics, rehabilitation, and objective outcomes assessment. Examples include:
- Arthroscopy, imaging & minimally invasive systems: Canine-specific arthroscopy and needle-scope systems, musculoskeletal ultrasound, integrated imaging, and image-guided care.
- Orthopedic implants & repair systems: TPLO plates, locking fixation systems, tendon-repair constructs, prosthetic-ligament stabilization, and hip and elbow reconstruction technologies.
- Regenerative & joint-restoration technologies: Platelet-rich plasma, bone marrow aspirate concentrate, adipose-derived cellular preparations, bioscaffolds, growth-factor combinations, injectable joint materials, and bone-graft substitutes.
- Functional assessment, rehabilitation & recovery technologies: Force, pressure, stance, and gait systems; orthopedic bracing and external limb prostheses; and physical-treatment devices for measuring and supporting mobility and recovery.
- Digital clinical-support & training systems: Remote diagnostic review, procedural guidance, case communication, clinical-data exchange, patient follow-up, and professional education.
Scientific Publications
Our specialists have authored or coauthored more than 100 peer-reviewed articles, book chapters, scientific abstracts, conference proceedings, and professional publications across veterinary orthopedics, sports medicine, regenerative medicine, rehabilitation, and related biomedical fields, including:
- Peer-reviewed clinical & biomedical research: Orthopedic surgery, sports medicine, regenerative medicine, musculoskeletal imaging, biomechanics, rehabilitation, functional recovery, muscle physiology, and comparative biomedical science.
- Reference books, chapters & academic works: Canine sports medicine, orthopedic diagnosis and treatment, regenerative medicine, rehabilitation, surgical complications, and orthopedic devices.
- Scientific abstracts & conference proceedings: Original findings presented to surgical, orthopedic, sports-medicine, rehabilitation, and regenerative-medicine audiences.
- Professional & public education: Clinical guidance for veterinarians, rehabilitation professionals, performance-dog communities, and pet owners.
Clinical Innovation
Beginning with one of the profession’s early canine arthroscopy programs, our specialists have translated research and technology into more precise approaches to orthopedic diagnosis, treatment, and recovery. Examples include:
- Arthroscopy & minimally invasive treatment: Arthroscopic, needle-scope, and endoscopically assisted approaches for joint assessment, cartilage treatment, ligament procedures, and other orthopedic conditions.
- Advanced musculoskeletal diagnosis: Combined musculoskeletal ultrasound, MRI, arthroscopy, needle-scope evaluation, diagnostic blocks, and image-guided procedures to define complex sources of lameness and injury.
- Orthopedic surgery & reconstruction: Advanced surgical planning and treatment for fracture fixation, TPLO, tendon and ligament repair, joint stabilization, and hip and elbow reconstruction.
- Regenerative and joint-preservation care: Clinical application of platelet-rich plasma, bone marrow aspirate concentrate, cellular therapies, bioscaffolds, injectable joint treatments, and other approaches to joint, tendon, and ligament disease.
- Objective recovery & return to activity: Gait, loading, range-of-motion, mobility, and sport-specific assessment integrated with rehabilitation, bracing, external support, and return-to-activity planning.
Veterinary Education
For more than three decades, our specialists have trained veterinarians and future specialists through mentorship, formal curricula, hands-on laboratories, and professional education in the United States and internationally.
- Specialty training & mentorship: Clinical, procedural, research, and career mentorship for veterinary students, interns, residents, fellows, specialty candidates, practicing veterinarians, and veterinary technicians.
- Curricula, courses & procedural laboratories: Recurring courses, academies, clinical rotations, wet laboratories, and training programs in orthopedic surgery, arthroscopy, minimally invasive diagnosis and treatment, sports medicine, diagnostic imaging, orthobiologics, rehabilitation, and functional assessment.
- Veterinary arthroscopy education: Helped develop and teach the profession’s first veterinary arthroscopy course at the 1996 American College of Veterinary Surgeons meeting, followed by national and international instruction in arthroscopy, needle-scope, and image-guided procedures.
- National & international professional education: Invited lectures, keynote presentations, workshops, scientific sessions, specialty symposia, and multiday programs for veterinary professionals in the United States and internationally.
- Digital, case-based & community education: Instructional video, webinars, virtual workshops, live case discussions, remote procedural guidance, and applied education for agility, sporting, service, police, search-and-rescue, and other working-dog communities.
Professional Leadership
Collectively, our specialists have built specialty practices and clinical programs, led professional organizations, and helped shape the standards, education, and partnerships advancing veterinary orthopedics and sports medicine.
- Specialty-practice & clinical-program leadership: Founded and led dedicated orthopedic, arthroscopy, sports-medicine, rehabilitation, and regenerative-medicine programs that integrated diagnosis, surgery, minimally invasive care, recovery, and return-to-function planning.
- Professional-organization leadership: Leadership roles with organizations including the American Association of Rehabilitation Veterinarians and the American College of Veterinary Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, including founding, presidential, committee, and program responsibilities.
- Specialty standards & scientific service: Directed scientific sessions and specialty symposia; contributed to residency, credentialing, and specialty-training standards; and served as manuscript reviewers, editorial advisers, and scientific grant reviewers.
- Health-system, research & industry leadership: Board, advisory, and collaborative work with health systems, universities, researchers, medical-device developers, and veterinary-health organizations on clinical programs, research, technology, and education.
- Working-dog, public-service & international initiatives: Leadership supporting working-dog organizations, animal-welfare programs, wildlife and zoological care, and veterinary education in regions with limited specialty resources.
TPLO Specialists for the San Francisco Bay Area
The Sams Clinic specialists have performed thousands of TPLO procedures and designed TPLO implant systems widely used by veterinary surgeons.

TPLO Experience
Performed thousands of TPLO surgeries across routine, complex, revision, and second-opinion cranial cruciate ligament cases.

TPLO Innovation
Designed TPLO plates and implant systems widely used by veterinary surgeons performing TPLO surgery.

Complete Cruciate Care
Treatment may incorporate arthroscopic joint and meniscal evaluation, orthobiologic therapies, rehabilitation, and progressive return to activity based on each dog’s injury and long-term functional needs.
For Bay Area Families & Performance Dogs Around the World
Whether you're our neighbors in the San Francisco Bay Area or traveling to us from farther away, our team carefully coordinates your pet's care together with you every step of the way.

Bay Area Families
For pets whose best days mean comfortable couch time, neighborhood walks, Marin trail hikes, and family playtime, The Sams Clinic helps dogs and cats regain comfort, stability, and mobility so they can return to the moments that matter most.

Sport & Working Dogs
For dogs trained for precision, power, and control — where every stride, turn, and hesitation matters — The Sams Clinic tailors diagnostic and treatment pathways to your dog’s condition, capabilities, and performance demands. Learn more >
Our Specialists
Patient Stories
Lexie
Agility
“The surgeries were successful and Lexie came back to the agility ring as fast as ever. She was the fastest dog in the country (of any breed) competing in 20” preferred in AKC Agility in 2016.”
Benefit
Agility
“Bene had bilateral shoulder surgery in 2016. He’s retired from agility now, but his front end is 100% sound, strong, and balanced (we still get a gait test every year). His canine PT and vet continue to be amazed by the results.”
Vail
Lure Coursing
“Vail spend 6 weeks in a SPICA splint and then another 2 weeks in a soft splint. Afterwards, Vail went through several weeks of rehab which included gym work, underwater treadmill, and pool therapy. Shortly after her 2nd birthday, she was out on the lure coursing field competing!”
Shazam
Agility
“While a definitive diagnosis took a bit of time, Dr. Canapp did get to the underlying cause, and both of Shazam’s wrists were treated. This treatment, along with a rehabilitation program, resolved his lameness, and Shazam and I had an extremely rigorous and successful competitive agility career for many years.”










